Computer Networks"This is phenomenon of connecting computers two or more with each other to get or share the resources" Various components that are dealing with the quality and control of the Computer Network are associated with a single computer called, "Workstation" or "Server".
WorkStation:
It plays a major role in any computer netwrk because it keeps track of all the activities.
Different types of work station exist depending upon different requirements and situation of the Network. Like some are having multiple CPU’s, some are having a large amount of temporary storage unit (RAM), some having great storage space of Hard Drive and other enhancement of special data processing tasks, graphic oriented jobs and other concentrated application.
Server:
There are some categories of servers depending upon their functional requirements.
File Server:
File server is storing and allowing the files to be shared by all clients computers connected in a Network.
Print Server:
Computer network includes a print server to perform and control all the services
of printer. Print server accept requests from the clients connected to it
for printing any document. It manages one or more printers and forwards the request
of the client to specific printer or free printer in the network and controls spooling
of the print jobs.
Mail Server:
Mail server is also called MTA (Mail Transfer Agent) or mail exchanger, its
purpose is to transfer e-mail (Electronic mails) from one computer to another.
Fax Server:
Fax server reduces the cost of telephonic exchange (incoming and outgoing of telephone);
instead it helps in sending the actual document. It works as taking the documents
from users of any Computer Network, converts them in to fax document, transmit
it to the specified location. On the other side, it receives faxes from remote locations,
store them and give them to clients or users.
Telephony Server:
Telephony server is actually related to telephony system like automatically reply
to the calls received, show response to the interactive voice response system. This
device also receives and store voice mails and switches calls between the Public
Switched Telephone Network (PSTN).
Proxy Server:
Proxy server works as in-between layer between client (web browser) and external
server for certain purposes, which are to increase performance, security problems and
share connections.
Chat Server:
Chat server allows large number of users to interact with each other; in a real
environment, over a connected Computer Network. The term real time here describes
that responses are coming instantly.
Application Server:
Application server is software engine performing all the activities on the application
given to it for processing and handing over it to the client. It basically lies
between database server and end user, and due to this it is referred as middle layer.
Some of its types are
Web Server:
Web server performs the function of storing HTML documents; images contained by
that file, script files and all other related data and distribute it to the other
computer network on the request of client.
Backup Server:
Backup server deals with backup of the system; it contains extra hard drives for
storage and other storage mediums like tape, CDs etc. It ensures the availability
of critical data during any mishap.
How to Build a Network?Simple Computer Network means to build a connection between two computers having
network adapter (NIC network interface controller) through a cable called Crossover
Cable. Such kinds of computer networks are basically made at home for transferring
of certain applications and sharing of data.
Practical Computer Networks basically means making connections between more than
two computers but they do require some devices like hub, routers, switches etc in
addition to the NIC (Network Interface controller).
Types of Networks:
There are different type of Computer Network depending upon the number of users
and distance between them.
LAN (Local Area Network)
It is widely used by the companies who want to establish computer networks
between its users for feasibility of their task or job and these companies are having
relative distance between them. It allows its user to access or share data, different
resources like printer, fax and internal links. Its main characteristics are given
below:
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
This is an advanced form of LAN; it is connecting different LAN's together to make
a big network. The features of MAN are given below:
WAN (Wide Area Network)
This network covers a large area over the globe and it connects all the LANs and
all other computer networks. The characteristics of WAN are given
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